Ĭaesar proposed a law for the redistribution of public lands to the poor, a proposal supported by Pompey, by force of arms if need be, and by Crassus, making the triumvirate public. Caesar also married again, this time to Calpurnia, who was the daughter of another powerful senator. This informal alliance, known as the First Triumvirate (rule of three men), was cemented by the marriage of Pompey to Caesar's daughter Julia. Between the three of them, they had enough money and political influence to control public business. They had been at odds for years, but Caesar tried to reconcile them. These three men ruled Rome and were called the Triumvirate.Ĭaesar was the go-between for Crassus and Pompey. The First Triumvirate Ĭaesar took power with Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great) and Marcus Licinius Crassus. After election, he was a consul in 59 BC. Faced with the choice between a triumph and the consulship, Caesar chose the consulship. Though he was due a 'triumph' in Rome, he also wanted to stand for Consul, the most senior magistracy in the Republic. In Spain he conquered two local tribes, was hailed as imperator by his troops, and completed his governorship in high esteem. Caesar left for his province before his praetorship had ended. In return for political support, Crassus paid some of Caesar's debts and acted as guarantor for others. He turned to Marcus Licinius Crassus, one of Rome's richest men.

Īfter his praetorship, Caesar was appointed to govern Roman Spain, but he was still in considerable debt and needed to pay his creditors. Caesar won comfortably, despite his opponents' greater experience and standing. He ran against two powerful senators there were accusations of bribery by all sides. In 63 BC he ran for election to the post of Pontifex Maximus, as high priest of the Roman state religion. p100 On his return in 67 BC, he married Pompeia (a granddaughter of Sulla), whom he later divorced. After her funeral, Caesar went to serve his quaestorship in Spain. On his return to Rome, he was elected as military tribune, a first step in a political career. He was soon called back into military action. As a sign of leniency, he first had their throats cut. He had them crucified on his own authority, as he had promised while in captivity-a promise the pirates had taken as a joke. p39 After the ransom was paid, Caesar raised a fleet, pursued and captured the pirates, and imprisoned them. When the pirates thought to demand a ransom of twenty talents of silver, he insisted they ask for fifty. On the way across the Aegean Sea, Caesar was kidnapped by pirates and held prisoner. From then on, lack of money was one of the main problems in his life. His mother's family pleaded for his life Sulla reluctantly gave in and removed Caesar from his inheritance.

Hundreds were killed or exiled, and Caesar was on the list. Sulla set about purging Rome of his enemies. Julius Caesar was born in Italy and the date of the year was July 100 BC.Īt sixteen he was the head of his family, and came under threat when Lucius Cornelius Sulla became Roman dictator. Later rulers of Rome called themselves “Caesar” and this title also became “ Kaiser” and “ Tsar”.

Winning the war, Caesar became Roman dictator for life. Ĭaesar became a member of the First Triumvirate, and when that broke up, he fought a civil war against Pompey the Great. Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a military commander, politician and author at the end of the Roman Republic.

Julius ceasar biography